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Java is...

Java is designed for the web

Compiled byte code is very compact. Complete graphical applications can be a few tens of kilobytes, not megabytes. This makes it possible to download whole programs ("applets") which were part of the original objective of Java but not used so much now.

Other key factors make Java important for the web:

Java is descended from C and C++

If you have previously used C or C++ prepare to be a little confused until you get used to the differences.

In particular:

Java is designed for bug avoidance

For example:

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