The starting tag of an HTML element can often have extra bits written inside it, called attributes. Each consists of a space character followed by the name of the attribute, then an equals sign, then a value enclosed in double quotes. So our first examples occur in the <script> elements here. These are attributes:
type="text/javascript"
src="myprogram.js"
Strictly speaking the quotes are unnecessary but always using them is a good habit to get into.
There is an HTML element called <script>. It can be used in either of the following ways.
<html>
<head>
<title>My page</title>
</head>
<body>
<script type="text/javascript">
Some JavaScript statements -
maybe over many lines
</script>
<p>A paragraph of text.</p>
<script type="text/javascript">
Some more JavaScript statements
</script>
<p>Another paragraph of text.</p>
</body>
</html>
<html>
<head>
<title>My page</title>
<script type="text/javascript" src="myprogram.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<p>A paragraph of text.</p>
<p>Another paragraph of text.</p>
</body>
</html>
Mixing JavaScript and HTML can easily become very hard to read and maintain. Future maintenance and enhancement are important considerations in programming: lay your programs out as clearly as possible.
For that reason the second method should be used whenever possible. In the second example above the program is loaded from a file called myprogram.js which is in the same directory as index.html. So it will be done like that in the next exercise.
<elementName attributeName="attributeValue">content</elementName>
For those who know some HTML: